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Example sentences for: epitopes
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It was reported that treatment of HIV-1 gp120/gp41 envelope glycoprotein oligomers with sCD4 lead to shedding of gp120-sCD4 complexes concomitant with increased exposure of some cryptic epitopes on gp41 [ 13 34 35 ] . Therefore, it was of interest to determine whether or not shedding of gp120 from virus particles was required for the CAP induced exposure of binding sites for mAb NC-1 on gp41.
The first advantage is the priming of a diverse immune response to the protein that allows the generation of both a complex and robust T helper responses, and secondly the concomitant affinity maturation of the antibody response to naturally occurring antibody epitopes.
This is especially relevant to the design of subunit vaccines for malaria and schistosomiasis where high titers of high affinity antibodies are usually the best defence against invading organisms [ 11 16 24 ] . Creating T cell epitopes in expressed proteins has been demonstrated here for Hartley strain guinea pigs, and for various inbred strains of mice [ 37 38 ] . Interestingly, the introduction of T cell epitopes from a hen-egg lysozyme or ovalbumin into mouse TNF-alpha also resulted in an increased cross-reactive antibody response in mice [ 38 ] . However, the protein construct was no longer cytotoxic for L929 cells, suggesting that the modified protein was not in the correct tertiary configuration.
This difference has little apparent effect on the other antibody epitopes delineated by this assay.
Based on this observation, we propose that the neutralizing spectra of Abs may be predicted if the epitopes are known.
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