Words similar to ecto-

Example sentences for: ecto-

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Ecto-Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (E-NTPDases, formerly called ecto-ATPases) hydrolyze nucleotides in the presence of divalent cations and are insensitive to inhibitors of P-type, F-type, and V-type ATPases [ 1 ] . Three isoforms that differ in the ratio of ATPase/ADPase activity are present on the cell surface [ 2 ] : E-NTPDase1 with a ratio of 1, E-NTPDase2 with a ratio of 10 and E-NTPDase3 with a ratio of 3-5.
NTPDases do not form phosphorylated intermediates during catalysis, a conclusion also supported by lack of vanadate sensitivity and Pi product inhibition [ 3 4 5 6 ] . The catalytic reaction appears to be irreversible and no partial reactions have been observed [ 7 8 ] . Divalent cations like Ca 2+or Mg 2+are required for activity, and maximal activity is reached when the concentrations of substrates and divalent cations are equal [ 1 ] . The specific activities of NTPDases vary over a broad range from ten thousand units for potato apyrase to less than one hundred units for chicken gizzard ecto-ATPase [ 9 10 ] . Sequence comparisons indicate that most of NTPDases contain five highly conserved regions, apyrase conserved region, ACR1 - ACR5 [ 9 11 ] . However, the catalytic sites have not been identified, although ACR1 and ACR4 have been implicated in β- and γ-phosphate binding, respectively [ 9 ] .