Words similar to cytolytic
Example sentences for: cytolytic
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Recent studies have shown that maitotoxin (MTX), a potent cytolytic agent isolated from the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus, is an important new molecular tool for the study of oncotic (necrotic) cell death [ 1 2 ] . In a variety of cell types, MTX initiates a cell death cascade that involves a sequence of cellular events essentially identical to those activated by stimulation of purinergic receptors of the P2Z/P2X 7 type.
Initially, MTX causes a graded increase in cytosolic free Ca 2+concentration ([Ca 2+] i ). This is followed closely in time by the opening of cytolytic/oncotic pores (COP) that allow the exchange of large organic molecules of molecular weight less than ~800 Daltons across the plasma membrane.
NK cytolytic functions disappeared in estradiol-treated mice by 8 weeks.
Thus, BAECs are particularly sensitive to the cytolytic effects of MTX.
The involvement of Rho GTPases in regulating integrin dependent events such as leukocyte homotypic aggregation and in chemokine upregulation of integrin-mediated adhesion has recently been identified [ 18 19 ] . ADP-ribosylation of Rho in neutrophils by treatment with C3 not only inhibits cellular locomotion, but augments chemoattractant induced actin polymerization [ 20 21 ] . Moreover, inactivation of Rho in monocytic cells leads to accelerated formation of filopodia, and it has been proposed that Rho is a negative regulator of actin polymerization within this cell type [ 22 ] . Active Rho is also required for normal morphology, motility, and cytolytic activity of IL-2 activated NK cells [ 23 24 ] . We and others have demonstrated the importance of Rho in T lymphocyte activation [ 25 26 ] . Given the role played by Rho in the regulation of actin microfilaments in other cell types, and the indispensability of a functional actin cytoskeleton in lymphocyte motility and activation, it is of importance to study Rho's role in the regulation of T lymphocyte integrin function and maintenance of cytoskeletal organization.
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