Words similar to cytokines
Example sentences for: cytokines
How can you use “cytokines” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Indeed, cytokines have been shown to play an important part in the HIV-1 life cycle and the results obtained here suggest that treatment of PBMCs with HIV-1 envelope proteins significantly modulates the transcription of numerous cytokine genes.
The composition of the matrix, the availability of cytokines and proteases, and the expression of various receptors in a given cellular environment might explain these opposing functions.
While most cytokine research has focused on cells of the immune system, other cell types produce cytokines including the epithelial cells of the lung [ 28 29 ] , retina [ 30 ] , and intestines [ 31 32 ] . Among the few studies involving the biliary system, it was demonstrated that cultured human intrahepatic duct epithelial cells produce functional IL-8 and MCP-1 (CCL2) [ 14 33 ] . Isolated human intrahepatic epithelial ducts expressed immunoreactive IL-6 when treated with IL-1β or phorbal myristate acetate [ 34 ] . Intracellular TNF-α mRNA and protein was detected in intrahepatic biliary duct cells in tissue sections [ 35 ] , but not in cultured intrahepatic epithelial cells; therefore, there was no clear demonstration that biliary epithelium secretes TNF-α.
However, intracellular cytokine analysis proved to be a more sensitive method for detecting cytokines, such as IL-2 and IL-4, and also made it possible to determine the percentage of cells producing each.
The addition of SRL significantly decreased the circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and conversely increased the circulating levels of TGF-β, partially explaining the increased immunosuppression in these patients.
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