Words similar to coreceptors
Example sentences for: coreceptors
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Thus, it would be expected that CAP would not inhibit the attachment of HIV-1 to target cells and would block only subsequent steps obligatory for HIV-1 infection initiated by engagement of CXCR4 and CCR5 coreceptors, respectively.
Earlier studies describing the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the HIV-1 inhibitory effect of the candidate microbicide CAP indicated that this compound remains bound to HIV-1, impairing virus infectivity by blockade of binding sites for cellular coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5 [ 8 ] . Results reported here further extend these findings and show that: 1) there is synergism between sCD4 and CAP for inhibition of virus infectivity; 2) CAP binding to HIV-1 leads to conformational changes in viral envelope glycoproteins resulting in the expression of functionally inert six-helix bundle structures.
Pretreatment with CAP impairs gp120 binding to coreceptors
Data presented here show that CAP remains bound to HIV-1 after removal of unreacted compound, impairing virus infectivity due to blockade of binding sites for cellular coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5.
Cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) is a promising microbicide candidate for prevention of infection by sexually transmitted disease (STD) pathogens, including HIV-1 [ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ] . CAP inactivates HIV-1 and blocks the coreceptor binding site on the virus envelope glycoprotein gp120, while leaving the site for the primary cellular receptor CD4 accessible [ 8 9 ] Soluble CD4 (sCD4) was shown to inhibit HIV-1 infection by two mechanisms: reversible blockage of virus binding to receptors, and irreversible inactivation of virus infectivity [ 10 ] . Since CAP and sCD4 bind to distinct domains on the HIV-1 envelope, it was of interest to determine whether or not these two ligands affect virus infectivity synergistically as do other combinations of anti-HIV-1 drugs and sCD4 [ 11 12 ] Binding of sCD4 leads to conformational changes in gp120 [ 13 14 15 16 17 ] . Binding of gp120 to coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5, respectively, triggers additional conformational changes in HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins [ 18 19 ] For these reasons it was of interest to determine whether a) pretreatment of HIV-1 with sCD4 would affect subsequent binding of CAP to virus particles, and b) CAP binding to virus particles in the presence or absence of sCD4 would elicit conformational changes which could affect HIV-1 infectivity.
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