Words similar to coreceptor
Example sentences for: coreceptor
How can you use “coreceptor” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
In summary, blocking by CAP of the coreceptor binding sites on the virus envelope glycoprotein gp120 within HIV-1 virus particles appears to induce conformational changes in gp41 leading to the formation of six-helix bundle structures.
Cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) is a promising microbicide candidate for prevention of infection by sexually transmitted disease (STD) pathogens, including HIV-1 [ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ] . CAP inactivates HIV-1 and blocks the coreceptor binding site on the virus envelope glycoprotein gp120, while leaving the site for the primary cellular receptor CD4 accessible [ 8 9 ] Soluble CD4 (sCD4) was shown to inhibit HIV-1 infection by two mechanisms: reversible blockage of virus binding to receptors, and irreversible inactivation of virus infectivity [ 10 ] . Since CAP and sCD4 bind to distinct domains on the HIV-1 envelope, it was of interest to determine whether or not these two ligands affect virus infectivity synergistically as do other combinations of anti-HIV-1 drugs and sCD4 [ 11 12 ] Binding of sCD4 leads to conformational changes in gp120 [ 13 14 15 16 17 ] . Binding of gp120 to coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5, respectively, triggers additional conformational changes in HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins [ 18 19 ] For these reasons it was of interest to determine whether a) pretreatment of HIV-1 with sCD4 would affect subsequent binding of CAP to virus particles, and b) CAP binding to virus particles in the presence or absence of sCD4 would elicit conformational changes which could affect HIV-1 infectivity.
Soluble CAP at neutral pH was shown to bind strongly to the coreceptor binding sites on gp120 of both X4 and R5 viruses [ 36 ] and to elicit the formation of gp41 six-helix bundles, the hallmark of irreversible virus inactivation [ 37 ] . Thus, HIV-1 exposed to CAP at sufficient concentrations is rendered noninfectious, and continued presence of CAP is not required to maintain lack of infectivity.
The individuals who controlled viremia for a longer time either during the first STI or during any of the treatment interruptions were not different from those who experienced earlier breakthrough as measured by ELISA and Western blot status at initiation of HAART, coreceptor polymorphisms (CCR5delta32, CCR2 V64I), or the presence or absence of GBV-C coinfection (Cox proportional hazards model, p >0.
In agreement with this finding, CAP inhibited infection by both X4 and R5 viruses in in vitro models for vaginal HIV-1 infection [ 45 50 ] . Sites on the HIV-1 envelope other than the coreceptor binding domains may possibly be also involved in interactions with CAP, contributing to inhibition of virus infection.
Loading...