Words similar to cell-cell
Example sentences for: cell-cell
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SL-1 induction in p2S cells, an untransformed mouse mammary epithelial cell line, triggered the disappearance of E-cadherin and beta-catenin from cell-cell junctions and reduced the expression of beta-catenin [ 35 ] . Wnt-5a and SL-1 may play similar roles in inhibiting cadherin-mediated cell-adhesion, as Wnt-5a decreases Ca 2+-dependent cell adhesion similar to a dominant negative cadherin [ 11 ] . The regulation of SL-1 by Wnt-5a may be important in developmental processes such as gastrulation where Wnt-5a affects the morphogenetic movement of tissues [ 45 ] .
Here, we ask whether infected podocytes expressing HIV-1 genes show the hallmarks of cyclin D 1 -dependent proliferation, specifically the up-regulation of cyclin D 1 transcript and protein expression and the subsequent phosphorylation of pRb on serine 780, a target site of active cyclin D 1 /CDK-4/6 that is not shared with cyclin E/CDK-2 complexes [ 24 ] . Utilizing two well-characterized models of HIVAN pathogenesis, HIV-1 transgenic mice [ 11 12 13 ] and HIV-1 infection of cultured podocytes [ 6 7 8 ] we find not only these hallmarks of cyclin D 1 -dependent proliferation, but also dysregulation of cyclin D 1 expression that normally occurs with cell-cell contact and differentiation [ 25 ] .
One easily measured and pervasive entity that regulates G 1 phase time is cell density, which is taken as a surrogate for cell-cell contact.
Previously, SPARC has been shown to regulate cell-cell contact through tyrosine phosphorylation of adherens junction proteins [ 32 ] . Electron microscopy of the SPARC-null dermal fibroblasts at wound sites should not only confirm the role of SPARC in cell motility but also reveal how SPARC mediates cell-ECM and cell-cell interactions to promote cell motility.
TSP-1 is a homotrimeric multidomain glycoprotein synthesized and secreted by numerous cell types, including platelets, vascular smooth muscle cells and keratinocytes [ 4 ] . Due to its interaction with a wide variety of proteins, TSP-1 has been implicated in a number of biological processes including coagulation, cell adhesion, the modulation of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, control of tumor growth and metastasis, and angiogenesis [ 10 ] . Inhibition of tumor cell proliferation has been achieved in vivo by systemic treatment with TSP-1 peptide mimetics [ 11 ] , but a correlation between primary tumor TSP-1 expression and poor prognosis has not been clearly established [ 12 ] . While there are reports that these molecules can originate from tumor cells [ 13 ] , the majority of reports have suggested that the major source of both TSP-1 and OPN is tumor-associated stroma [ 14 ] or infiltrating macrophages and lymphocytes [ 15 ] .
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