Words similar to calbindin
Example sentences for: calbindin
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However, despite a considerable amount of associative evidence [ 7 ] , there has long been some controversy on this issue [ 29 30 31 ] because of apparent discrepancies in the temporal pattern of calbindin D9k induction compared to calcium absorption following 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D treatment in experimental animals.
Intestinal calcium absorption is increased after feeding a low calcium diet or under conditions of increased calcium needs, such as during growth, via a parathyroid hormone (PTH)-vitamin D mediated process [ 3 ] . A lowering of serum calcium levels stimulates the secretion of PTH that then activates the renal conversion of inactive 25-hydroxyvitamin D to the active hormonal metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. At the intestine, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, acting through a nuclear receptor, stimulates transcription of vitamin D-mediated genes, including calbindin D, involved in calcium transport thereby acting as the primary hormonal regulator of active intestinal calcium transport [ 3 ] . It is thus likely that any putative key molecular player in calcium absorption, such as CaT1 or ECaC1, should be a prime target for hormonal regulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. However, to date, neither CaT1 nor ECaC1 expression has been shown to be related to serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D or vitamin D status [ 10 16 ] .
This cell line spontaneously differentiates in culture and expresses biochemical and morphological characteristics of well-differentiated small intestine-like enterocytes [ 17 23 ] . We have previously shown that Caco-2 cells possess a classical nuclear vitamin D receptor [ 18 ] that directly mediates vitamin D-dependent gene expression [ 22 ] , and exhibits a high degree of specificity for various vitamin D metabolites and analogs [ 20 21 ] . Most importantly, in response to short-term (<24 h) 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D treatment, Caco-2 cells increase transepithelial calcium transport [ 17 ] and calbindin D 9K expression [ 19 ] , a cytosolic calcium binding protein.
It has been argued [ 7 ] that the cytosolic vitamin D-dependent calcium binding protein calbindin D 9K is the likely rate-limiting step in vitamin D-induced intestinal calcium absorption.
Brain calbindin, COX-2 and phytoestrogen levels
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