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Example sentences for: alphab
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Several heat shock proteins have been found in cell nuclei in the absence of stress [ 30 ] , and alpha-crystallin has been shown to interact directly with DNA [ 18 ] . AlphaB, expressed in transfected CHO cells, has been shown to ectopically localize to interphase nuclei, suggesting a regulatory role for this protein in the nucleus [ 19 ] . A subset of immortalized lens epithelial cells from alphaBKO mice have been shown to hyperproliferate [ 20 ] suggesting that alphaB may be important in maintaining genomic stability.
Targeted disruption of the mouse alphaB gene, however, resulted in lenses similar in size to aged-matched wild type lens with no cataracts reported [ 23 ] . This indicates that alphaA may play a greater role in maintaining the transparency of the lens then alphaB.
In the lens, alpha-crystallin also associates with type III intermediate filament proteins and the beaded filament proteins CP49 and CP115, and correct beaded filament assembly has been shown depend on the presence of alpha-crystallin [ 16 ] . Beaded filament mRNA levels are greatly increased in differentiating lens epithelium and have been suggested as a pan-specific marker for lens fiber development [ 17 ] . Alpha-crystallin has also been shown to interact directly with DNA [ 18 ] . In transfected CHO cells, alphaB has also been shown to ectopically localize to interphase nuclei, suggesting a role for this protein in the nucleus [ 19 ] . A nuclear role for alphaB in the lens was supported by the findings that a subset of lens epithelial cells derived from alphaB knockout mice demonstrated hyperproliferation and genomic instability [ 20 ] . In addition, the administration of exogenous alpha-crystallin to primary bovine lens epithelial cell cultures resulted in the formation of lentoid bodies, consistent with a role for these proteins in lens differentiation [ 21 ] . These findings indicate that alpha-crystallin may have a multitude of in vivo functions.
Both alphaA and alphaB can bind specifically to actin, in vitro [ 13 ] and in vivo [ 14 ] . Although actin filament formation has been shown to be necessary for differentiation of lens epithelial cells [ 15 ] , the significance of alpha-crystallin's interaction with actin in differentiation is not known.
This process did not appear to have proceeded normally in lenses lacking alphaA and alphaB.
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