Words similar to wortmannin
Example sentences for: wortmannin
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LDH activity was not different from controls in cells treated for 12 to 16 hours with either 200 nM wortmannin, 5 μM LY294002, 20 nM rapamycin, or 10 μM PD98059 (data not shown).
Treatment of Jurkat cells with Wortmannin had no effect on Rlk association with RAFTs (Fig.
Insulin transduces its cellular signal in most cell types via two signaling pathways, i.e., the p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) pathway [ 8 ] . Insulin initially binds to the insulin receptor causing autophosphorylation of the β-subunit of the receptor [ 8 ] . The protein kinase domain of the β-subunit then phosphorylates tyrosine residues in insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, IRS-2, IRS-3, or Shc, which then activates the p44/42 MAPK signaling cascade [ 8 ] . PD98059 is a cell permeable, non-competitive, reversible inhibitor of MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK), a protein kinase upstream of p44/42 MAPK [ 9 ] . Tyrosine phosphorylated IRS also activates the PI 3-kinase pathway [ 8 10 ] . There are at least three, well-characterized inhibitors of the PI 3-kinase pathway, i.e., wortmannin, LY294002, and rapamycin [ 11 12 13 ] . Wortmannin and LY294002 block the activation of PI 3-kinase itself [ 11 12 ] , while rapamycin prevents the phosphorylation of a downstream effector in the pathway, p70 S6 kinase [ 13 ] .
H441 cells resemble bronchiolar epithelial Clara cells in phenotype and produce both SP-A and SP-B mRNA and protein [ 14 ] . The hormonal regulation of SP-A and SP-B gene expression in H441 cells is similar to that observed in differentiated type II cells in human fetal lung explants [ 6 7 15 16 ] . We treated H441 cells with the four inhibitors of signal transduction: wortmannin, LY294002, rapamycin and PD98059, to elucidate which signaling pathways are activated when insulin inhibits SP-A gene expression.
On the last day of culture, explants were pretreated with signal transduction inhibitors, either wortmannin, rapamycin or PD98059, for 30-60 min and then further treated with insulin (2.
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