Words similar to template-dependent
Example sentences for: template-dependent
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The DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (DDRPs) involved in the transcription of cellular and DNA viral genes, primases, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RDRPs) of RNA viruses and cellular PTGS systems are template-dependent polymerases.
The RDRPs of RNA viruses define one major lineage of nucleic acid polymerases, which additionally includes reverse transcriptases, archaeo-eukaryotic DNA polymerases, and nucleotide cyclases [ 8 9 10 11 12 13 ] . The DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of certain bacteriophages, such as T7, and the archaeo-eukaryotic primase (also detected in some bacteria) are divergent derivatives of the same fold [ 11 14 ] . The core catalytic domain of all these enzymes, the so-called "palm" domain, has an RNA-recognition motif (RRM)-like fold with strategically placed metal-coordinating residues, which form the active site [ 11 15 16 ] . In contrast, bacterial DnaG-type primases (also present in archaea and some eukaryotes) contain a polymerase domain of the Rossmann-like TOPRIM fold, which is shared with topoisomerases and OLD-family nucleases [ 17 18 19 ] . The recently solved structures of the DDRPs from yeast and the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus indicate that the β' subunit (according to the subunit nomenclature of Escherichia coli DDRP, which we hereinafter employ to designate all orthologs of the respective E. coli subunits) of these enzymes defines another distinct catalytic scaffold, which is unrelated to any of the above template-dependent RNA polymerases [ 20 21 22 23 24 ] . Additionally, the structural and evolutionary affinities of two other template-dependent RNA polymerases, namely RDRPs involved in PTGS [ 25 26 27 ] and primases of herpesviruses [ 28 ] , remain obscure.
In contrast to the template-dependent RNA polymerases, which have several distinct scaffolds of the catalytic domains, all template-independent RNA polymerases have the same fold of the principal catalytic domain and belong to the pol β superfamily of nucleotidyl transferases [ 29 30 ] .
The trans reaction is template-dependent reverse transcription of the exogenous RNA that does not depend on the protein-primed initiation mechanism of the hepadnaviruses [ 28].
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