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Example sentences for: superinfected
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The CMV MIE transcript was present in the BJAB-B1 and P3HR-1 cells superinfected with CMV at all time points as shown by the real-time PCR data (Figures 1Aand 2A, respectively).
Finally, one of the acutely treated patients within Rosenberg's cohort became superinfected with a second strain of HIV despite excellent control of viral replication and significant recognition of the superinfecting strain by the pre-existing T cell response [10].
Regardless of whether viable CMV or UV-irradiated CMV is used, the virus still can attach to the host cell and cause the upregulation of cellular genes, including proto-oncogenes [ 55 57 58 59 ] . It was observed in this study that the UV-irradiated CMV had no effect on BZLF1 transcript expression, suggesting that the effect observed in the superinfected BJAB-B1 and P3HR-1 cells was not attachment mediated and infectious CMV is at least required.
A CMV infection, in vivo , can contribute to the net immunosuppressive status of the immunocompromised patient [ 11 ] . A CMV infection can result in the production of certain immune effector proteins (cytokines and chemokines) that may affect latency in the EBV infected B-cells [ 77 ] . The production of these cytokines and chemokines from a CMV superinfected BJAB-B1 or P3HR-1 cell may affect neighboring cells and therefore cause EBV reactivation, implying that CMV could be having an indirect effect on EBV latency.
The final histogram analyses involved subtracting background of the corresponding mock-infected cells from the BJAB-B1 cells superinfected with CMV or UV-irradiated CMV.
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