Words similar to spore
Example sentences for: spore
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The growth and survival of a fungal spore germinating on a leaf depends on the amount of moisture available in the air and the length of time the leaf surface is wet [ 13 ] . Dew formation can be critical for spore germination of many plant pathogens, and may be the best indicator of the proportion of time a habitat has weather favorable to fungi.
However, each of the rec12 mutants exhibited a high frequency of chromosome segregation errors that were sometimes accompanied by defects in spore formation and/or ascus development (Figure 3B).
In reality the organic matter in a cell or spore contains many classes of compounds with few classes representing more than a few percent of the total, and considerably less than 100% efficiency in extraction and detection is possible.
The development of fungal disease in plants has at least three important control points: the prevalence of fungal inoculum, the environment during infection, and disease development as modified by plant defenses [ 1 2 ] . Most field studies on wild plants have not measured pathogen abundance but have focused on disease expression [ 3 4 5 6 ] . Atmospheric moisture is generally the single most important environmental factor influencing the incidence and severity of fungal diseases on plants [ 4 7 8 9 10 ] . High relative humidity and several hours of free surface water are critical for both spore germination and successful infection [ 11 12 13 ] . In addition, infection (i.e.
Since S. pombe contains only three chromosome pairs, aberrant assortment during one or both of the meiotic divisions can produce, by chance, a significant fraction of meiotic products that receive at least one copy of each chromosome and are hence viable [ 38 43 ] . Aberrant segregation can also produce nullisomic aneuploids (missing one or more chromosomes), polysomic aneuploids (having additional copies of individual chromosomes), and diploids [ 38 39 44 ] . In S. pombe the haploids and diploids are viable, nullisomic aneuploids are inviable, and disomic aneuploids tend to lose the extra chromosome or chromosomes and become haploid [ 45 ] . We therefore determined the frequencies of spore viability and meiotic diploidy as genetic measures of chromosome segregation errors.
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