Words similar to sn
Example sentences for: sn
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Moreover, treatment of the macrophages with SN50, a cell-permeable peptide that specifically prevents activation of NF-κB by inhibiting its nuclear translocation [34], nearly abolished endotoxin-induced activation of resistin expression (Figure 4D).
However, others have shown that lower doses ≤ 100 μg/ml of SN50 specifically inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and murine T cells [ 33 63 ] . These reported differences are likely due to dose-dependent or cell-specific differences in the effect of SN50 [ 64 ] . Given that: (1) embryonic SMGs were cultured in the presence of 100 μg/ml SN50, (2) immunodetectable NF-κB was absent from SMG epithelia nuclei in TNF + SN50-treated explants, and (3) one cannot extrapolate observations in Jurkat cells to those in primary cells [ 64 ] or organ cultures, it is most probable that our observed interruption of SMG development is proximately due exclusively to the inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation.
Ten independent experiments of E15 primordia were cultured for 2 days (E15 + 2) in CONT (control) or SN50-supplemented media, each group consisting of a minimum of 8 explants per group.
These 2-day SN50-treated explants demonstrate a highly significant 81% decline (t 4 = 26.
Caspase 1 activates Caspase 3 and appears to promote production of the cytokine IL-1β, which upregulates the transcription of both Caspases 1 and 3, additionally potentiating apoptosis [ 37 38 ] . Thus, this regulatory mechanism of caspase gene expression would likely be diminished in SN50-treated explants were they allowed to develop further in culture.
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