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Example sentences for: sirnas
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Once in a cell, a dsRNA molecule is cleaved into segments approximately 22 nucleotides long, called short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) (see Figure 3).
Similar to siRNAs, the natural small RNAs, dubbed microRNAs (miRNAs), arise from Dicer processing of dsRNA precursors and are incorporated into RISC (Denli and Hannon 2003).
Strikingly, the newly discovered siRNAs were the same size as several ‘small temporal’ RNAs, first identified in 1993 as important regulators of developmental timing in worms (Lee et al.
In positive controls, A549 cell treated with calcium mobilizers (thapsigargin or A23178) did increase eIF-2 phosphorylation, as has been shown earlier [ 30 ] . These results provide the first direct evidence that the 21-nt long double-stranded siRNAs fail to trigger interferon response in mammalian cells, and hence, can be used as specific antiviral agents.
The RDRP is a component of the PTGS system that has been initially described in plants as a cellular RNA polymerase activity induced upon viral infection that synthesized antisense RNA in a primer-dependent or independent manner [ 26 47 48 49 50 ] . Subsequent genetic studies showed that mutations in RDRP genes impaired PTGS in a variety of systems [ 25 38 51 52 ] . Experimental studies in C. elegans and in plants suggested that the RDRP is involved in production and amplification of dsRNA using the target RNA as template and siRNAs as primers or guides and resulting in amplification of the RNA silencing response [ 53 54 55 56 ] .
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