Words similar to signal-regulated
Example sentences for: signal-regulated
How can you use “signal-regulated” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Immunoblotting of membranes for phospho-MAPK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase [Erk]1/2) was performed using a Phospho-MAPK Antibody Sampler kit (Cell Signaling, Beverly, MA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
However, the signal transduction pathway, MAPK, has been shown to control and be upstream of DNA-replication, transcription, and cell cycle pathways [ 52 53 54 ] . The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, consisting of the MAP kinase kinases (MKKs) 1 and 2, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) 1 and 2, which have been implicated in diverse cellular processes including proliferation, transformation, and cell differentiation [ 53 ] . The MAP kinase (MAPK) pathway has emerged as a crucial route between membrane-bound Ras and the nucleus.
ANOVA = analysis of variance; Erk= extracellular signal-regulated kinase; IC 50 = half-maximal inhibition; IRS = insulin receptor substrate; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; MAPK = mitogen-activated protein kinase; MEK = MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase; mTOR = mammalian target of rapamycin; PBS = phosphate-buffered saline; PI 3-kinase = phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; RDS = respiratory distress syndrome; SD = standard deviation of the mean; SE = standard error of the mean; SP = surfactant protein; TPA = 12-
It has been postulated that activation of these kinases allows GPCR agonists to modulate such diverse molecular events as cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival [ 1 ] . To date, all three cloned opioid receptor types (μ,δ, κ) and the closely related nociceptin receptor have demonstrated the ability to signal through their heterotrimeric G proteins (G i or G o ) to at least one type of MAPK [ 2 3 4 ] . Among the members of this family that are activated by opioids, are the two extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (p44 MAPK(ERK 1) and p42 MAPK(ERK 2)) [ 5 ] and the p38 protein kinase [ 3 ] . However, the precise mechanism by which OR stimulation produces an increase in MAPK activity is still unknown and under investigation.
Biochemical studies of Btk-deficient B cells have shown Btk to be necessary for BCR-induced phospholipase C-γ2 (PLCγ2) phosphorylation, calcium mobilization, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, NF-κB activation and apoptosis [ 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12].
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