Words similar to rapamycin
Example sentences for: rapamycin
How can you use “rapamycin” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
A number of studies have demonstrated that long treatment of both CsA and TAC is associated many side effects such as nephrotoxicity, hypertension, and gingival hyperplasia [ 1 2 ] . Rapamycin clinically termed, as Sirolimus (SRL) is a new immunosuppressive agent, which is structurally similar to TAC, binds to same binding protein FKBP, but has different mechanism of action [ 3 ] . Both clinical and experimental studies demonstrated that SRL when used either with CsA or alone is associated with side effects like hyperlipidemia, thrombocytopenia and nephrotoxicity [ 4 5 6 7 ] . SRL and TAC compete for the same binding site and hence it was thought they could not be used concomitantly.
The cultured cells were subsequently exposed to fresh serum-free media and pretreated for 30-60 minutes with either control media that contained the vehicle for the inhibitors (dimethyl sulphoxide) or with media that contained wortmannin (5-200 nM), LY294002 (2-50 μM), rapamycin (1-100 nM), or PD98059 (2.
Rapamycin inhibits activation of p70 S6 kinase, a downstream effector in the PI 3-kinase signaling pathway [ 13 ] . Rapamycin forms a complex with FK506-binding protein 12 and this complex blocks the kinase activity of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), a kinase upstream of p70 S6 kinase [ 20 ] . The IC 50 for p70 S6 kinase inhibition by rapamycin is ~0.
MCF7 cells are sensitive to rapamycin analogs in the low nM range [ 33 ] . A potential problem with the use of rapamycin and its analogs is that some tumors are intrinsically resistant to its effects [ 33 34 ] . Resistance in mammalian cells has been associated with decreased expression of 4EBP-1 [ 35 ] , mutations in the ATM protein [ 36 ] , and low level expression of p27 Kip1due to enhanced turnover of the protein [ 37 ] . In addition, it has been demonstrated that fibroblasts from p27 Kip1knockout mice are more resistant to the effects of rapamycin than normal cells [ 37 ] . Thus p27 Kip1is an important mediator of cell growth inhibition in response to rapamycin.
For example, this has been carried out with MAP kinase deletion mutants after pheromone treatment [ 10], deletions of effectors of the Tor proteins after rapamycin treatment [ 11], and lexA deletions after UV irradiation [ 24].
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