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Example sentences for: protomers
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Phylogenetic analysis of the sequence differences between the six protomers in the AAA-domain of midasin (Fig.
4) shows that the evolutionary distance between any two protomers in a single organism is substantially greater than that between any single protomer taken from different organisms, even for such highly disparate organisms as humans and Giardia.
Concomitant with this development of asymmetrical structure, the AAA1 protomer of the dynein motor unit evolved a functional dominance, in which it alone retains the full ability for binding and hydrolysis of ATP, while AAA2, AAA3 and AAA4 have lost the capability for hydrolysis and the most degenerate protomers AAA5 and AAA6 show no significant binding of ATP [ 20 21 22 ] . In midasin, the specialization of AAA protomers appears to have taken a less drastic course than in dynein.
3; see also reference [ 5 ] ). The Walker A motif GxxxxGK [T,S] and Walker B motif hhhhDExx (where h is any hydrophobic residue and x is any residue), that contain residues essential for ATP binding and hydrolysis in all P-type ATPases [ 17 ] , are present in their canonical forms in the AAA2, AAA3, AAA4, and AAA5 protomers of midasin for all the organisms in Figure 3. The Walker A motif is present also in AAA1 and AAA6, although the Walker B motif in these protomers is deviant.
In both midasin and dynein, the evolutionary fusion of the six AAA protomers into a single polypeptide has permitted the individual protomers in the hexameric assembly to acquire substantial structural and functional specialization.
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