Words similar to presynaptic
Example sentences for: presynaptic
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Nociceptors are specialized primary afferent neurons and the first cells in the series of neurons that lead to the sensation of pain [ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ] . The receptors in these cells can be activated by different noxious chemical or physical stimuli [ 9 10 11 ] . The essential functions of nociceptors include the transduction of noxious stimuli into depolarizations that trigger action potentials, conduction of action potentials from peripheral sensory sites to synapses in the central nervous system, and conversion of action potentials into neurotransmitter release at presynaptic terminals, all of which depend on ion channels [ 6 12 13 14 15 16 ] . Recent expression cloning has led to the identification of the first pain sensory receptor.
Intense PKCβ immunoreactivity was found in both postsynaptic and presynaptic regions (fig.
7), it may be labeling the presynaptic membrane, consistent with reports of PKCβ localization to the presynaptic terminals of NMJs [ 22 23 ] . PKCβ initially associates with the cytoskeleton [ 50 ] . Phosphorylation at two places on the kinase core is required first to activate PKC, and second to release it from its cytoskeletal anchorage.
The presynaptic inhibition, may also contribute to reducing the fusimotor support with advancing fatigue and affects the Ia and Ib afferents.
This putative association is strengthened by finding for the first time that targeting of RIα requires the AKAP binding surface [ 17 ] . Yotiao is another AKAP enriched at the NMJ, but appears to bind only RII [ 30 ] . PKA phosphorylates the nAChR when stimulated at the synapse by the neuropeptide CGRP and by adenosine from muscle responding to acetylcholine [reviewed by [ 31 ] ]. This phosphorylation may regulate the degradation of the nAChR [ 32 ] . Consistent with the action at the presynapse, it was shown that PKA facilitation of acetylcholine release is dependent on nerve endplate calcium concentration [ 33 ] . Based on our observation of colocalization with synaptophysin at presynaptic vesicles, RIα may be the isotype that influences this release of neurotransmitter.
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