Words similar to person-to-person
Example sentences for: person-to-person
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Within infectious diseases, these might include diseases spread by airborne dissemination in residential areas, by contaminated foods or water distributed to residents of a neighborhood, by insect or other animal vectors, or by person-to-person transmission in households (secondary spread).
, sources and post-tap treatment methods), and quantity (measured in glasses per day) at home and outside the home; travel; recreational water exposure including types of swimming locations and entering hot tubs; person-to-person fecal exposures, specifically, contact with child-care centers, diapered, and ill individuals; consumption of "risky" food items (risky foods refers to a list of standard food items asked in the CDC foodborne questionnaires, e.g. salads, cold cuts/meats, raw vegetables/fruits, raw oysters/shellfish, cider/juice), consumption of unpasteurized foods and handling of raw foods; zoonotic contact including farm animals and pets; and, for adults over 18 years of age, details on specific sexual practices.
Since human infection with Cryptosporidium parvum was first documented in 1976 [ 1 ] , this protozoan parasite has been recognized worldwide as a major cause of diarrheal disease in humans [ 2 ] . In healthy, immunocompetent persons, C. parvum causes a self-limited diarrheal illness (cryptosporidiosis); however, in persons with severe immunosuppression, particularly those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and who have developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the diarrhea can be prolonged, severe, and life-threatening [ 3 4 ] . Currently there are no effective chemotherapeutic agents against cryptosporidiosis [ 5 ] . Cryptosporidium oocysts are found in the feces of infected humans, livestock, and wild animals [ 6 ] . Humans acquire the infection through person-to-person or animal-to-person contact, ingestion of fecally-contaminated water or food, or contact with fecally-contaminated environmental surfaces [ 7 ] .
In addition, studies that aim to assess the impact of travel to endemic countries will also need to conceptualize the myriad causal pathways and the possible role of each route of transmission, e.g. waterborne, foodborne, person-to-person, comprising the complex web of factors that are responsible for traveler's diarrhea.
The three person-to-person fecal exposures were: contact with child-care settings, contact with individuals with diarrhea, and exposure to diapers or diapered individuals.
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