Words similar to parathyroid
Example sentences for: parathyroid
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Adherent cells were transduced with an amphotropic retrovirus, DFG-hIL-1β-neo, which encodes the mature form of human IL-1β fused to the leader sequence of human parathyroid hormone to enable efficient secretion, and neomycin phosphotransferase [ 21 ] . Retroviral transductants were positively selected in complete DMEM containing Geneticin at 0.5 mg/ml.
Familial hyperparathyroidism may be confined to parathyroid adenoma (HRPT1 #145000) or may involve the broader endocrine disturbances of multiple endocrine neoplasia Types I (#131100) and IIA (#171400).
Intestinal calcium absorption is increased after feeding a low calcium diet or under conditions of increased calcium needs, such as during growth, via a parathyroid hormone (PTH)-vitamin D mediated process [ 3 ] . A lowering of serum calcium levels stimulates the secretion of PTH that then activates the renal conversion of inactive 25-hydroxyvitamin D to the active hormonal metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. At the intestine, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, acting through a nuclear receptor, stimulates transcription of vitamin D-mediated genes, including calbindin D, involved in calcium transport thereby acting as the primary hormonal regulator of active intestinal calcium transport [ 3 ] . It is thus likely that any putative key molecular player in calcium absorption, such as CaT1 or ECaC1, should be a prime target for hormonal regulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. However, to date, neither CaT1 nor ECaC1 expression has been shown to be related to serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D or vitamin D status [ 10 16 ] .
Some reports have suggested that HIV can infect parathyroid cells and these patients have low parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels.
The only bone anabolic agent known to increase bone mineral density in both animal models and clinical settings is human parathyroid hormone 1-34 (PTH), which has recently been approved by the FDA in patients with advance osteoporosis [ 10 ] . Bone-related basic and clinical research has been searching intensively for alternative anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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