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A similar sequence structure was reported by Ovchinnikov et al . for a 3'-transduction event [ 44 ] . Several possible explanations for this sequence structure are addressed in the Discussion.
One explanation given by Ovchinnikov et al . [ 44 ] is that the transcripts may have been internally primed at an A-rich sequence (see Additional data file and [ 44 ] ); a different type of internal priming is also required by a current model for 5' inversion of L1s [ 45 ] .
One explanation for this sequence structure is that the transcripts were polyadenylated at the same location, and the polyadenylation signal mutated beyond recognition after the insertion event occurred; interestingly, Ovchinnikov et al . reported that polyadenylation signals tend to degrade rapidly after L1 insertion [ 44 ] . A second explanation is that the poly(A) sequence is encoded in DNA and either the transcript was degraded up to the position of the A-rich sequence or RNA polymerase II failed to elongate the message past the A-rich sequence; the resulting transcript would then resemble one that had been polyadenylated.
On the other hand, Ovchinnikov et al.
Interestingly, a recently proposed mechanism of 5' inversion of L1 elements requires that first-strand cDNA synthesis be primed internally on the L1 transcript [ 45 ] . Therefore, it is possible that the cDNA synthesis of a 3'-transducing transcript may also be primed at an internal A-rich site as suggested by Ovchinnikov et al . [ 44 ] (see Additional data file).
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