Words similar to ocd
Example sentences for: ocd
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Given the association between AVP and OCD and the stereotyped nature of AVP-induced flank gland grooming and flank marking, the present studies were undertaken to determine whether clomipramine and fluoxetine, two drugs used to treat OCD in humans [ 20 ] might inhibit these AVP-induced behaviors.
For example, chronic treatment with fluoxetine decreases the release of AVP from rat hypothalamic organ cultures [ 36 ] . This finding is particularly noteworthy since alterations in AVP levels in the cerebrospinal fluid have been correlated with occurrences of OCD [ 15 16 ] . The occurrence of OCD has also been correlated with increased levels of oxytocin, a neuropeptide closely related to AVP [ 37 ] . In golden hamsters, the elevation of serotonin in the anterior hypothalamus following fluoxetine treatment can inhibit the activity of the AVP system related to aggressive behavior [ 10 11 ] . The ability of microinjected AVP in the anterior hypothalamus to enhance aggressive behavior in golden hamsters is blocked by fluoxetine treatment and serotonin 5HT 1A receptor agonists [ 10 ] . The present data include AVP-stimulated flank marking in the list of behaviors suppressed by fluoxetine treatment.
Future studies could focus on effects of long-term elevation of AVP in hamsters; dose-response manipulations of psychotropics or clinical use of AVP receptor antagonists on humans to further investigate the role of AVP in OCD.
Clomipramine is a non-selective re-uptake inhibitor of serotonin, and to some extent norepinephrine [ 21 ] and fluoxetine is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor [ 22 ] . Both of these drugs have proven to be effective in different animals models of OCD [ 23 ] . As an additional control, hamsters were also treated with desipramine, a noradrenergic re-uptake inhibitor [ 24 ] that has been found ineffective in inhibiting OCD in preclinical [ 25 ] and clinical studies [ 26 27 ] .
This pattern of responsiveness to drug treatment suggests that AVP-induced flank marking may be used as a model for screening psychotropics used in the treatment of OCD.
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