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Example sentences for: nm-myosin
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Inhibition of retrograde flow by BDM has been used as evidence for the role of nm-myosins in retrograde flow [ 12 ] . Though not explicitly stated, the localization and importance of nm-myosinII in multiple cell types, and the fact that BDM was thought to have greatest potency in inhibiting nm-myosinII has led most to look at BDM's effect on retrograde flow as a result of inhibiting this protein.
Though BDM does not inhibit nm-myosinII, in permeabilized yeast ( S. cerviseae ) BDM has been shown to decrease incorporation of exogenous actin into the cytoskeleton [ 20 ] . This process of actin incorporation requires proteins involved in actin filament formation and proteins that may localize a nucleation complex [ 20 21 ] . To determine if BDM has a similar effect on actin incorporation in mammalian cells, and if so an effect on actin nucleation, spreading Swiss3T3 cells were treated briefly with a media control or 15 mM BDM and then permeabilized with the detergent saponin in the presence of fluorescently labeled actin.
BDM has been reported to not inhibit nm-myosinII ATPase activity [ 9 ] . We show data [Figure 1A] that supports this report.
[ 11 17 18 ] . A role for nm-myosinII may exist, given its localization and that other perturbations that affect myosin function - myosin S1 microinjection, ML-7 treatment, and expression of dominant negative nm-myosinII constructs and have similar effects to BDM treatment [ 5 7 12 ] . However, a study in chick dorsal root ganglia neurons where nm-myosinII was inactivated using chromophore assisted laser inactivation saw no effect on retrograde flow rates [ 19 ] . We know now that BDM does not in fact inhibit nm-myosinII.
One new compound that will help clarify the role of nm-myosinII is blebbistatin [ 32 ] . Other small molecules wait to be found and experiments using them will continuously refine our understanding of the leading edge and the mechanism of action of these compounds.
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