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Example sentences for: naïve
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Of the 8799 annotated genes and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) represented on the rat U34A array, 52% (n= 6, naïve arrays) were detected in arrays hybridized with naïve rat DRG cRNA and 54% (n = 3, axotomy arrays) genes in the axotomy comparisons.
If patients were antiretroviral-experienced, they had to be naïve to APV, have a plasma HIV-1 RNA >1000 copies/mL, show susceptibility to APV and ≥ 2 other antiretroviral drugs, and remain on their most recent treatment regimen until completion of the screening visit.
The addition of 50 U/ml IL-12 and 10 μg/ml anti-IL-4 was used to generate cells with a Th1 phenotype, while 1000 U/ml IL-4 and 10 μg/ml anti-IL-12 was used to generate cells with a Th2 phenotype [ 29 ] . After the initial isolation of the naïve CD4+ T cells, cultures were treated with the above cytokine/antibody cocktail weekly for three consecutive weeks to ensure complete polarization.
In the CD4 +T-cell population, 35 ± 4.6% of cells from SLE patients and 45 ± 4.7% in the healthy controls exhibited a naïve phenotype; the central memory phenotype was expressed by 42 ± 3.8% of the CD4 +T cells from SLE patients ( n = 12) and in 37 ± 3.1% of the CD4 +T cells from healthy controls ( n = 12).
Other investigators have shown (in mouse systems) that commitment to Th1 or Th2 cytokine production by naïve T cells requires prior cell proliferation [ 24 ] ; and reversal of Th1 or Th2-committed cells requires at least several days of proliferation [ 25 ] . When normal human PBMC were stimulated for 7 days with SEB, the presence of 5A6 anti-CD81 mAb resulted in a modest increase in IL-4-producing T cells, when those cells were restimulated with PMA and ionomycin (Figure 4A).
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