Words similar to nalbuphine
Example sentences for: nalbuphine
How can you use “nalbuphine” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
The rank order of affinity of the ligands was xorphanol > Win 44,441> nalorphine > morphine ≥ nalbuphine > fentanyl (Table 2).
This can explain the usefulness of drugs such as nalbuphine in reducing the side effects associated with the more potent opioid analgesics while not totally reversing the analgesic action of those ligands.
Our data clearly show that nalbuphine is a potent agonist at the μ opioid receptor with an efficacy similar to that of morphine, thus agreeing with in vivo data showing that morphine and nalbuphine are equally potent as analgesics [ 33 ] . However, other reports have described nalbuphine as a "mixed agonist/antagonist" with agonism at κ opioid receptors and antagonism at μ opioid receptors based on in vivo data [ 11 33 ] . This categorization is likely due to the fact that nalbuphine has been shown to reduce the ventilatory depressant effect of other opioids, while adding to their analgesic effect [ 33 ] . Nalbuphine is also used clinically to reduce the opioid-mediated side effects such as itching, without completely reversing the analgesic effects of the full agonists [ 34 35 36 ] . According to our data, although nalbuphine is clearly a potent agonist at μ receptors, its levels of agonism is significantly lower than the very efficacious drug fentanyl and the endogenous ligand β-endorphin.
Louis, MO), nalbuphine and β-endorphin were obtained from RBI (Natik, MA), cyclazocine, etorphine, metazocine, morphine, nalorphine, and SKF 10047 were obtained from National Institute of Drug Abuse (Bethesda, MD), lofentanil was from Janssen Pharmaceutical Inc. (Titusville, NJ), Dezocine was from Wyeth Laboratories (Philadelphia, PA), Win 444,441 was from Sterling Winthrop Pharmaceutical and Xorphanol was from Miles Inc.
Therefore, if combined with a drug such as fentanyl, or in the presence of an internal pool of β-endorphin, nalbuphine can act as an antagonist in inhibiting adenylyl cyclase by μ opioid receptors.
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