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Example sentences for: msi
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High-molecular weight DNA from frozen tumor and the corresponding peripheral blood specimens was isolated as previously described [ 14 ] . A panel of 49 sequence tagged repeat polymorphic (STRP) (24 markers mapped to chromosome 2q, nine on 5p, 11 on 6p, and five on 11q) markers, previously analyzed for LOH, was chosen for scoring MSI [ 14 15 16 17 ] . The criterion for analysis and classification of MSI has been described earlier [ 51 52 ] .
Association of APC promoter methylation with MSI phonotype has been previously reported in endometrial cancer [ 45 ] . Although the significance of these results is currently unclear, we believe that inactivation of these genes by promoter methylation causes microsatellite instability and may contribute to the development of CC.
Although the MSI phenotype also had no significant correlation with overall promoter methylation, the HIC1 (P = 0.02) and APC (P = 0.08) genes were frequently methylated in patients exhibiting MSI-H phenotype (Table 2).
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is hallmark of mismatch repair-deficient cancers, which has been observed in all cancers arising from Hereditary Non-polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) syndrome, some sporadic colorectal and other cancers [ 38 ] . MSI is generally associated with germ-line mutations in one of two MMR genes, hMLH1 and hMSH2 . Epigenetic inactivation of promoter hypermethylation of APC and HIC1 also results in MSI phenotype in sporadic colorectal cancers [ 39 40 ] . Accumulating evidence supports the view that promoter methylation of mismatch repair genes may be related to MSI phenotype [ 41 42 ] . A number of previous studies have shown the existence of MSI phenotype in CC [ 43 44 ] . In the present study, we found that MSI-H occurs at an increased frequency in tumors with HIC1 and APC promoter hypermethylation.
The remaining tumors did not show MSI (Table 2).
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