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Example sentences for: lhcps
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Several groups developed a more direct approach for determining occupancy by analyzing effects on the composition of the final complex, after in vitro reconstitution, when amino acid residues in LHCPs were replaced with substitutes that are unable to serve as a ligand.
Etioplasts, the form of the plastid that develops in dark-grown plants, were unable to insert LHCPs into membranes unless Chl was added [ 3 ] . In these experiments, in which the Zn derivatives were used because of their increased chemical stability over the Mg-containing molecules, Zn-pheophytin b was more effective in insertion than Zn-pheophytin a.
It should be noted, however, that several LHCPs accumulate in chloroplasts in the absence of Chl b [ 5 8 ] , perhaps because they integrate more easily into membranes, which implies that other features of the proteins are involved.
An important role of Chl b was further revealed by experiments in which newly synthesized LHCPs were detected by pulse-labeling in Chl b -less mutant plants but the proteins were not recovered in chloroplasts isolated from these plants [ 4 ] . These Chl b -less plants did not accumulate several of the LHCPs, in particular Lhcb1, Lhcb6 and Lhca4 [ 5 ] . Chl b was not detected in plants exposed to intermittent light (cycles of 2 min of light and 98 min of darkness), which accumulated only small amounts of Chl a and thylakoid membranes [ 6 7 ] . Wild-type plants treated in this way accumulated only one LHCP (Lhcb5), while Chl b -less mutants exposed to intermittent light lacked all LHCPs [ 8 ] . In complementary fashion, Chl b did not accumulate when synthesis of LHCPs was inhibited [ 9 ] . When bean plants exposed to intermittent light were treated with chloramphenicol to inhibit synthesis of proteins on chloroplast ribosomes, Chl
In particular, the early-light induced proteins are homologous to LHCPs but bind little if any Chl b [ 46 ] . The mechanism of Chl b synthesis, an oxidation of the methyl group at position 7 [ 41 ] , will be an area of active research in the future, now that the gene for Chl(ide) a oxidase has been identified [ 47 48 ] . Moreover, it is not known whether a pool of free Chl b exists in a local environment in chloroplast membranes that is mimicked by the amount of Chl
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