Words similar to hh-signaling
Example sentences for: hh-signaling
How can you use “hh-signaling” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
These data show that the Hh-signaling inhibitors, but not structurally related inactive compounds, can significantly compete with the binding of the Hh agonist to Smo membranes.
Small-molecule modulators of growth-factor pathways have proven valuable in providing enhanced understanding of the intracellular events that occur subsequent to receptor activation, and in establishing the biological functions of these pathways [ 6 7 8 ] . In Hh signaling, multiple insights have been gained through the use of the plant-derived Hh antagonist cyclopamine [ 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ] and a recently identified synthetic small-molecule Hh-signaling inhibitor, Cur61414 [ 17 ] . Interestingly, these specific inhibitors of Hh signaling appear to function downstream of Ptc but their precise molecular target(s) and mechanism of action are unknown.
Stable Hh-signaling reporter cell lines were established by G418 selection following transfection with a luciferase reporter plasmid [ 20 ] containing the neomycin-resistance gene.
The two Hh-signaling antagonists, KAAD-cyclopamine and Cur61414, have shown decreased potency on Smo act-expressing cells, leading to the speculation that they may bind this mutant form of Smo less well than the wild-type form [ 11 17 ] . We sought to determine whether the Hh agonist binds Smo actwith a higher affinity, an observation seen with certain ligands and constitutively active mutants of GPCRs [ 29 ] . To perform this experiment, we isolated membranes from cells transfected with a cDNA construct encoding a tryptophan-to-leucine mutation at residue 539 (W539L) of murine Smo.
Furthermore, this supports the data showing that the agonist can activate signaling in Shh -/-embryos (Figure 3) and suggests that the agonist function is not only downstream of the Hh protein but also independent of the endogenous Hh-signaling modulators, Tout veloux and HIP, that act via the Hh ligand [ 2 ] . The competition experiment with forskolin showed identical inhibition curves for Hh protein and the agonist, strongly suggesting that the action of the small molecule is upstream of the protein-kinase-A-sensitive step in the pathway.
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