Words similar to cryptosporidium
Example sentences for: cryptosporidium
How can you use “cryptosporidium” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
All 13 of the controls who agreed to have their stool tested for Cryptosporidium had negative test results.
In our study area only two of the 40 laboratories reporting to the active surveillance system conduct Cryptosporidium analysis along with routine ova and parasite exams on stool specimens.
Foodborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis in which the vehicle of transmission was identified are few and only one outbreak in Maine was definitively associated with contaminated fresh-pressed apple cider [ 28 ] . Other foodborne outbreaks due to cryptosporidiosis have implicated food handlers [ 29 ] and social events [ 30 31 ] . Person-to-person outbreaks have been better documented, such as those in hospitals [ 32 33 34 35 36 37 ] and day care centers [ 38 39 ] . It is becoming increasingly evident that cryptosporidiosis is one of the multitude of enteric pathogens that is endemic in hospital and day care settings [ 40 41 42 43 ] . Other routes of exposure to Cryptosporidium may be responsible for sporadic disease in the general population such as specific sexual contact with an infected individual [ 44 45 46 ] , travel to endemic countries [ 47 48 49 50 ] , and contact with animals, both domestic and livestock [ 1 2 51 52 ] . Recent studies in Australia have demonstrated that exposure to persons with diarrhea and swimming in public pools rather than consumption of untreated tap water are the sources of community-acquired cryptosporidiosis in that country [ 53 ] . The relative contribution for each of these modes of transmission to the total burden of sporadic cryptosporidiosis among immunocompetent persons continues to be unknown in the U.S.
Since human infection with Cryptosporidium parvum was first documented in 1976 [ 1 ] , this protozoan parasite has been recognized worldwide as a major cause of diarrheal disease in humans [ 2 ] . In healthy, immunocompetent persons, C. parvum causes a self-limited diarrheal illness (cryptosporidiosis); however, in persons with severe immunosuppression, particularly those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and who have developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the diarrhea can be prolonged, severe, and life-threatening [ 3 4 ] . Currently there are no effective chemotherapeutic agents against cryptosporidiosis [ 5 ] . Cryptosporidium oocysts are found in the feces of infected humans, livestock, and wild animals [ 6 ] . Humans acquire the infection through person-to-person or animal-to-person contact, ingestion of fecally-contaminated water or food, or contact with fecally-contaminated environmental surfaces [ 7 ] .
The results of the initial models are shown in Table 3. The magnitude of the adjusted odds ratio for potential exposure to Cryptosporidium oocysts via unboiled drinking water ranged from 1.58 to 2.62 for neighborhood controls and from 2.00 to 3.87 for all controls.
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