Words similar to cryptosporidium
Example sentences for: cryptosporidium
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Foodborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis in which the vehicle of transmission was identified are few and only one outbreak in Maine was definitively associated with contaminated fresh-pressed apple cider [ 28 ] . Other foodborne outbreaks due to cryptosporidiosis have implicated food handlers [ 29 ] and social events [ 30 31 ] . Person-to-person outbreaks have been better documented, such as those in hospitals [ 32 33 34 35 36 37 ] and day care centers [ 38 39 ] . It is becoming increasingly evident that cryptosporidiosis is one of the multitude of enteric pathogens that is endemic in hospital and day care settings [ 40 41 42 43 ] . Other routes of exposure to Cryptosporidium may be responsible for sporadic disease in the general population such as specific sexual contact with an infected individual [ 44 45 46 ] , travel to endemic countries [ 47 48 49 50 ] , and contact with animals, both domestic and livestock [ 1 2 51 52 ] . Recent studies in Australia have demonstrated that exposure to persons with diarrhea and swimming in public pools rather than consumption of untreated tap water are the sources of community-acquired cryptosporidiosis in that country [ 53 ] . The relative contribution for each of these modes of transmission to the total burden of sporadic cryptosporidiosis among immunocompetent persons continues to be unknown in the U.S.
Because symptomatic cryptosporidiosis cases represent only a small fraction of those who may be infected with Cryptosporidium , the conclusions drawn from a study such as ours may not apply to those asymptomatically infected.
The collapsed variables, described in the Exposures section, were based on the clinical relevance of the exposures as routes of transmission for Cryptosporidium oocysts.
Because drinking water is known to be the major epidemic route of transmission of Cryptosporidium , this study aimed at understanding its importance in non-outbreak situations.
The results of the initial models are shown in Table 3. The magnitude of the adjusted odds ratio for potential exposure to Cryptosporidium oocysts via unboiled drinking water ranged from 1.58 to 2.62 for neighborhood controls and from 2.00 to 3.87 for all controls.
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