Words similar to covalently
Example sentences for: covalently
How can you use “covalently” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
In this method, biotin moieties were initially attached covalently to discrete regions on a solid surface.
For example, oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes can be covalently attached to a surface [ 10 ] , synthesized in situ [ 11 12 13 ] , or retained via electrostatic interactions with a positively charged surface [ 14 ] . A recent study examining the effect of mismatches along the length of in situ synthesized 60 mer oligodeoxyribonucleotides demonstrated a lack of an effect of mismatches for the first ten to fifteen bases at the 3' (surface) end of the oligodeoxyribonucleotide, suggesting that these bases may not be accessible during the hybridization reaction [ 12 ] . Other problems may exist when oligodeoxyribonucleotides are adsorbed to a positively-charged surface.
first tethered a covalently linked biotin moiety to the central region of each DNA tile.
Early studies with high density arrays suggested the use of 25 mer in situ synthesized oligodeoxyribonucleotides [ 1 ] . A more recent study using covalently attached oligodeoxyribonucleotides found that 30- and 35 mer oligodeoxyribonucleotides generated signals two- to five-fold higher than 25 mers, and signals obtained form 60 mers were only two-fold higher than those obtained from 30 mers but ten-fold higher than those obtained from 25 mers [ 24 ] . In fact, in situ synthesized 60 mer oligodeoxyribonucleotides, hybridized in 30-32% formamide, have been shown to represent a compromise between maximal sensitivity and specificity compared to other lengths and hybridization conditions [ 12 ] . Lastly, a study employing
The two share a conserved basic residue that is present immediately prior to strand 4. In all biotin/lipoate-binding SBHMs, this position is occupied by a lysine, which covalently binds organic radical ligands (Fig.
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