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Example sentences for: cet
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To address these issues, we have characterized the RNA triphosphatases of two other fungi, including the human pathogen Candida albicans and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe [ 10 11 12 ] . The fungal triphosphatases, S. cerevisiae Cet1, C. albicans CaCet1 and S. pombe Pct1, belong to a new family of metal-dependent phosphohydrolases that embraces the triphosphatase components of DNA virus and protozoan mRNA capping systems [ 1 7 13 14 ] . The defining features of the metal-dependent RNA triphosphatases are two glutamate-containing motifs that are required for catalysis and comprise the metal-binding site in the crystal structure of S. cerevisiae Cet1.
Mutational analysis of the Candida triphosphatase suggested strongly that the tunnel fold and the constituents of the active site are similar, if not identical, in Cet1 and CaCet1 [ 10 ] .
The yeast triphosphatase has a novel tertiary structure in which the active site is situated within a topologically closed hydrophilic tunnel composed of 8 antiparallel β strands, which are conserved in CaCet1 and Pct1 [ 2 ] . Mutational analysis of Cet1 has identified 15 individual side chains within the tunnel that are important for Cet1 function in vitro and in vivo [ 7 8 9 ] . Each of the 8 strands contributes at least one functional group to the active site.
Based on these findings, and the presence of a Cet1 homolog in the Apergillus fumigatus proteome, we conclude that RNA triphosphatase is a valid target for antifungal drug development.
This is not a straw-man issue, given that S. cerevisiae encodes two homologous RNA triphosphatases (Cet1 and Cth1), of which only Cet1 is essential for capping and cell viability [ 8 15 ] . We use classical genetic approaches to show that the respective genes encoding RNA triphosphatase and RNA guanylyltransferase are essential in S. pombe.
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