Words similar to cell-matrix
Example sentences for: cell-matrix
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Because essentially all of these previous studies have analyzed PTEN function by introducing the cloned version of the gene back into PTEN-deficient cells, essentially nothing is known about the regulation of the endogenous PTEN gene in response to alterations of cell-matrix interactions.
One of the established in vivo substrates of PTEN, FAK, is known to play a major role in growth-regulatory signal transduction initiated by cell surface integrin receptors [ 48 49 ] . As we observe a correlation between increased PTEN activity and decreased levels of FAK phosphorylation (compare Figure 4Band Figure 5), it is likely that the dephosphorylation of FAK in response to the disruption of cell-matrix interactions is accomplished by increased PTEN activity.
In small wounds, the pathophysiological process caused by the cell-matrix interaction-related defects may be too small to affect reepithelialization significantly with the result that restoration of epidermal covering progresses as normally as in the wild-type mice.
In parallel, the expression of cyclin A, an essential component of certain cyclin-dependent kinases and absolutely required for the progression of cells through the cell cycle [ 38 39 ] , was down-regulated under these conditions (Figure 1), consistent with earlier observations [ 27 28 31 ] . Furthermore, expression of the CDK inhibitor p27 Kip1was strongly increased in suspension cells (Figure 1), similar to what has been observed in other cell types after the disruption of cell-matrix interactions [ 29 31 32 ] . Finally, as we have reported before [ 31 ] , the expression of cdk4, one of the catalytic subunits of CDKs, was not significantly altered in suspension culture cells and therefore could be used as a loading control for the Western blot analysis.
In conclusion, MDAH cells (p53-negative), 10T1/2 cells (p53-positive), and TR9-7 cells (high or low levels of p53) all exhibited similarly increased expression levels of PTEN in response to the disruption of cell-matrix interactions.
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