Words similar to alkylating
Example sentences for: alkylating
How can you use “alkylating” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Epigenetic gene silencing of the MGMT confers enhanced sensitivity to alkylating agents in cancer [ 24 25 ] . Lack of methylation, on the other hand, associates with high-risk of death [ 25 26 ] . It has been suggested that the high-levels of MGMT proteins contribute to a drug-resistant phenotype [ 27 ] . More than 90% of newly diagnosed GCTs and 70-80% of patients who present metastatic disease are cured with cisplatin-based chemotherapy [ 28 ] . However, 20-30% of the patients with metastatic disease exhibit resistance to the cisplatin curative regimen leading to high mortality in this group.
Given the presence of RNA methylases that could modify RNA in a similar way as the alkylating agents the function of the uncharacterized AlkB-like proteins could be to reverse such modifications.
Seventeen ALDH genes have been identified in the human genome and have been classified into ten different families based on amino acid sequence identities [ 1 2 ] . High levels of ALDH1A1 activity can protect human and murine cells from the toxicity of the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide and its oxazaphosphorine analogs.
MGMT gene encodes O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and this enzyme effectively removes DNA adducts formed by alkylating agents [ 33 ] . Epigenetic gene silencing of MGMT confers enhanced sensitivity to alkylating-based chemotherapy, and lack of methylation associates with failure to respond to chemotherapy [ 34 35 ] . On the contrary, all patients that had MGMT promoter methylation were dead within 21 months of initial diagnosis, which predicts a poor prognosis.
Our current observation that undetectable levels of MGMT gene expression in >95% of GCTs appears to suggest that the lack of the O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase enzyme may direct cells to undergo apoptosis due to failure of repair of DNA adducts formed by alkylating agents.
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