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Example sentences for: afferents
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Intercostal muscle afferents studied by Critchlow & Von Euler [ 14 ] were shown to discharge at rates of 29 - 74 spikes/sec during the inspiratory phase, but were not characterized as being either 1° or 2° muscle spindles.
It has been shown by others that compared to muscles in the cat hindlimb where spindle classification can be based almost entirely on conduction velocity, non-limb muscles contain primary and secondary muscle spindle afferents that are generally slower conducting and exhibit overlapping bimodal or unimodal conduction velocity spectra [ 12 13 ] . These studies have shown that only the very fastest afferents innervate primary endings (>75 m/s) and the negatively adapting discharge frequency during static hold and the abrupt decrease in firing at the end of static stretch are the best criteria for characterization of primary spindle afferents.
Past work has shown that BDNF and NT-3 appear to shift in their expression into inner hair cells around birth or are lost in the ear and other parts of the nervous system [ 6 10 20 23 ] . It has been suggested that other neurotrophins may come into play in the ear [ 11 ] . However, the apex of Brn3c null mutants, which retains most of the spiral neuron afferents at 6-month, shows no formation of mature hair cells at any time surveyed here (P0, P8, P10).
This decrease in the number of afferents ventrally may be related to the fact that all of the receptors studied were recorded from the rostral three dorsal rootlets supplying the 7th intercostal space.
The dynamic sensitivities of the receptors were found to correspond to the ranges of discharge frequencies of afferents characterized by other investigators [ 2 9 11 ] . Matthews [ 10 ] found that de-efferented 1° muscle spindles in the soleus muscle of the cat responded to varied velocity changes (1.
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