Words similar to aeromonas
Example sentences for: aeromonas
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There are over 300 distinct β-lactamases known, and these enzymes have been grouped by a number of classification schemes [ 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 ] . For example, Bush has developed a scheme, based on the enzymes' molecular properties, that has four distinct β-lactamase groups [ 10 15 ] . One of the more alarming groups are the Bush group 3 enzymes, which are Zn(II) dependent enzymes that hydrolyze nearly all known β-lactam containing antibiotics and for which there are no or very few known clinical inhibitors [ 9 14 16 17 18 19 ] . The metallo-β-lactamases have been further divided by Bush into subgroups based on amino acid sequence identity: the Ba enzymes share a >23% sequence identity, require 2 Zn(II) ions for full activity, prefer penicillins and cephalosporins as substrates, and are represented by metallo-β-lactamase CcrA from Bacteroides fragilis, the Bb enzymes share a 11% sequence identity with the Ba enzymes, require only 1 Zn(II) ion for full activity, prefer carbapenems as substrates, and are represented by the metallo-β-lactamase imiS from Aeromonas sobria, and the Bc enzymes have only 9 conserved residues with the other metallo-β-lactamases, require 2 Zn(II) ions for activity, contain a different metal binding motif than the other metallo-β-lactamases, prefer penicillins as substrates, and are represented by the metallo-β-lactamase L1 from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia [ 9 ] . A similar grouping scheme (B1, B2, and B3) based on structural properties of the metallo-β-lactamases has recently been offered [ 41 ] . The diversity of the group 3 β-lactamases is best exemplified by the enzymes' vastly differing efficacies towards non-clinical inhibitors; these differences predict that one inhibitor may not inhibit all metallo-β-lactamases [ 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 ] . To combat this problem, we are characterizing a metallo-β-lactamase from each of the subgroups in an effort to identify a common structural or mechanistic aspect of the enzymes that can be targeted for the generation of an inhibitor.
Experimental analysis on the Methanococcus CyaB homolog revealed no adenylyl cyclase activity comparable to that seen in Aeromonas CyaB [ 16 ] . Likewise, there is no evidence for a widespread presence of the ThTPase activity in the organisms that contain CYTH domain proteins [ 17 ] . Hence, the principal biological function of the CYTH domains may be different from those of the experimentally characterized members of this family.
The possibility of lateral transfer of Aeromonas CyaB from an archaeal source has been previously suggested, and is consistent with the enzyme being optimally functional under high temperature [ 16 ] . There are 3 distinct CYTH domains in the euryarchaeon Methanosarcina acetivorans , in addition to the version which groups with the CYTH domains that are found, in single or duplicate copies, in other archaea and eukaryotes.
The severity of envenoming depends on the species and length of the snake, the toxicity of the venom and the amount inoculated [ 37 ] . Also important are physical activity after the bite and the physical characteristics of the victim [ 37 ] . The severity of bites from Bothrops laceolatus in Martinique is increased due to the primary bacterial infection from bacteria present in the oral cavity of the snake ( Aeromonas hydrophila , Morganella morganii , Proteus vulgaris and Clostridium species) [ 37 ] . This means that antibiotic treatment is sometimes necessary [ 32 ] .
The species abbreviations used in the alignments are: Aehy: Aeromonas hydrophila , Af: Archaeoglobus fulgidus , Aga: Anopheles gambiae , Ana: Anabaena sp.
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