Words similar to anchorage-independent
Example sentences for: anchorage-independent
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A characteristic phenotype of tumorigenic cells is their ability to grow anchorage-independently in suspension culture, or embedded in soft agar, without the need for attachment to the surface of a cell culture dish [ 25 26 ] . A flurry of papers has established a close link between anchorage-independent growth and the activity of several components of the cell cycle machinery, such as various cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and the CDK inhibitors p21 Cip1and p27 Kip1 [ 27 28 29 30 31 32 ] . There are indications that PTEN may be involved in these processes as well.
In light of the close correlation between the anchorage-independent phenotype and the tumorigenicity of transformed cells, it is important to fully understand the cellular mechanisms that are involved in cell growth arrest after the disruption of cell-matrix interactions.
Previous studies by others had shown that the ectopic expression of PTEN in anchorage-independent tumor cells greatly reduced their ability to grow in soft agar [ 4 5 6 ] . In this latter situation, however, the forced expression of ectopic PTEN effectively impairs cellular proliferation in general, even under two-dimensional culture conditions where the cells are attached to substratum [ 4 6 7 8 9 10 18 33 44 ] . It was therefore difficult to discern from these experiments how effectively and selectively PTEN participates in anchorage-dependent growth control.
These data suggest a correlation between the loss of BRCA1 protein and an increased survival/growth advantage in anchorage-independent conditions.
A model to study cell regulatory events during anchorage-independent growth is the culture of cells in suspension, i.e. on HEMA-coated plates that prevent cells from attachment to the matrix of the cell culture dish [ 37 ] . Several studies have employed this approach and characterized the regulation of various cell cycle-regulatory proteins after the transfer of cells to such suspension culture [ 27 28 29 30 31 32 ] . Here, we have used this model to analyze the potential involvement of the tumor suppressor PTEN.
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