Words similar to wakefulness
Example sentences for: wakefulness
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A mathematical algorithm was used to quantify the sleep-wake dependent dynamics of delta power during both baseline and recovery from SD [ 10 ] . In this algorithm, delta power decreases during NREMS and increases during wakefulness according to saturating exponential functions, the time constants of which are estimated by minimizing the square of the differences between empirical (delta power) data and the values produced by the mathematical functions.
Homeostatic and circadian mechanisms interact to determine the duration and quality of sleep and wakefulness [ 3 4 5 ] . Homeostatic regulation of sleep can still be observed in animals that lack circadian rhythms after lesioning of the SCN [ 6 7 8 9 ] , suggesting that circadian rhythms and sleep homeostasis are independent processes.
Although past studies have shown that extended periods of wakefulness cause changes in gene expression (for review see [ 15 ] ), no causal relationship between changes in gene expression and sleep homeostasis has been identified.
Thus, in both nocturnal and diurnal species, per expression in the cortex is maximal in conjunction with the major waking episode [ 37 49 50 ] . Under conditions where the phase (methamphetamine administration, restricted feeding) or distribution (circadian splitting) of locomotor activity is altered, per expression in the cortex parallels the overt rhythm of wakefulness, whereas the circadian oscillation of per gene expression in the SCN remains unaffected [ 49 51 52 ] . Thus, in contrast to its role in the SCN, PER protein in the cortex is not a component of a self-sustaining circadian oscillator [ 53 ] . Instead, per expression in the cortex seems to the follow sleep-wake history, consistent with the hypothesis that it is related to homeostatic regulation of sleep.
The continuum from wakefulness to sleep involves a progressive decrease in the alpha band followed by increased activity in the beta, theta and delta bands.
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