Words similar to wakefulness
Example sentences for: wakefulness
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Homeostatic and circadian mechanisms interact to determine the duration and quality of sleep and wakefulness [ 3 4 5 ] . Homeostatic regulation of sleep can still be observed in animals that lack circadian rhythms after lesioning of the SCN [ 6 7 8 9 ] , suggesting that circadian rhythms and sleep homeostasis are independent processes.
Clonidine increased the time rats spent in the drowsy stage of wakefulness, which corresponds to behavioral sedation and inhibited REM sleep for 6-9 h after administration [ 17].
Non-REM sleep (NREMS) intensity, quantified as EEG power in the delta frequency range (1-4 Hz), and NREMS consolidation are in a quantitative and predictive relationship with sleep history: both variables increase with the duration of prior wakefulness and subsequently decline during NREMS [ 3 4 10 12 13 ] . These variables are thus quantitative markers of NREMS homeostasis and are presumed to reflect an underlying physiological drive for sleep [ 4 ] .
, sleep deprivation), although a similar relationship between sleep parameters and spontaneous wakefulness can be quantified under baseline conditions as well [ 10 11 ] . The compensatory responses in time spent asleep, sleep consolidation (i.e.
Thus, in both nocturnal and diurnal species, per expression in the cortex is maximal in conjunction with the major waking episode [ 37 49 50 ] . Under conditions where the phase (methamphetamine administration, restricted feeding) or distribution (circadian splitting) of locomotor activity is altered, per expression in the cortex parallels the overt rhythm of wakefulness, whereas the circadian oscillation of per gene expression in the SCN remains unaffected [ 49 51 52 ] . Thus, in contrast to its role in the SCN, PER protein in the cortex is not a component of a self-sustaining circadian oscillator [ 53 ] . Instead, per expression in the cortex seems to the follow sleep-wake history, consistent with the hypothesis that it is related to homeostatic regulation of sleep.
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