Words similar to vanadate
Example sentences for: vanadate
How can you use “vanadate” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
Cells were resuspended in lysis buffer (10 mM Tris (pH 7.5), 1 mM EDTA, 50 mM NaCl, 0.25% Nonidet P-40, 1 mM PMSF, 1 mg of aprotinin/mL, 0.1 mM sodium vanadate, 10 mM sodium molybdate, and 10 mM β-glycerol phosphate) and lysed by sonication with a microtip on setting 2 and 20% duty cycle for 10 s.
Cells were scraped into ice-cold lysis buffer: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 150 mM sodium chloride, 1.5 mM magnesium chloride, 10% glycerol, 1% Triton X-100, 1 mM EGTA, 200 μM sodium vanadate, 10 mM tetrasodium pyrophosphate, 100 mM sodium fluoride, 10 μg/ml leupeptin, and 10 μg/ml aprotinin.
They were then lysed in a protein kinase lysis buffer [50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCI, 1.5 mM MgCI2, 1 mM EGTA, 1 mM sodium vanadate, 50 mM sodium fluoride, 20 mM beta-glycerophosphate, 10% (vol/vol) glycerol, 1% (vol/vol) Triton X-100, and protease inhibitors (1 mM PMSF, 1 ug/ml pepstatin A1, 1 ug/ml leupeptin, and 1 ug/ml aprotinin].
NTPDases do not form phosphorylated intermediates during catalysis, a conclusion also supported by lack of vanadate sensitivity and Pi product inhibition [ 3 4 5 6 ] . The catalytic reaction appears to be irreversible and no partial reactions have been observed [ 7 8 ] . Divalent cations like Ca 2+or Mg 2+are required for activity, and maximal activity is reached when the concentrations of substrates and divalent cations are equal [ 1 ] . The specific activities of NTPDases vary over a broad range from ten thousand units for potato apyrase to less than one hundred units for chicken gizzard ecto-ATPase [ 9 10 ] . Sequence comparisons indicate that most of NTPDases contain five highly conserved regions, apyrase conserved region, ACR1 - ACR5 [ 9 11 ] . However, the catalytic sites have not been identified, although ACR1 and ACR4 have been implicated in β- and γ-phosphate binding, respectively [ 9 ] .
COS-7 cells were harvested in PBS containing 0.1 mM sodium vanadate and collected by low speed centrifugation.
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