Words similar to vacuolation
Example sentences for: vacuolation
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The absence of matrix expansion and the involvement of peroxisomes but not lysosomes together indicate that mutant SOD1-induced mitochondrial vacuolation is neither MPT nor autophagy.
Our previous study showed that functional decline of mitochondria appears in the SOD1 G93Amice as early as 60 to 100 days of age [ 22 ] . This precedes the peak of mitochondrial vacuolation and the onset of the disease by two to three months [ 15 ] . Mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to energy deficiency and ionic imbalance [ 68 ] , elevated ROS and oxidative damage [ 69 ] , and increased sensitivity of neurons to excitotoxicity [ 19 70 71 72 ] . These effects could precipitate MVISE, which trigger cell death programs by releasing pro-apoptotic proteins resided in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, such as cytochrome c, AIF, SMAC/DIABLO, endo G and Htra/Omi [ 73 ] . The absence of cytochrome c in the porous large vacuoles and the presence of cytochrome c in the small vacuoles (Fig.
Mitochondrial vacuolation may contribute to several non-apopototic cell death pathways, but its role in a wide spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases remains to be defined [ 83 84 ] .
Nevertheless, the higher concentration of peroxisomes in and around vacuoles suggests that peroxisomes actively migrate to or proliferate in the vicinity of abnormal mitochondria and participate in the vacuolation process.
The mitochondrial vacuolation could in part be the result of persistent mitochondrial dysfunction and further facilitate the downstream motor neuron degeneration events.
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