Words similar to tumor-specific
Example sentences for: tumor-specific
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An increasing number of tumor antigens have been identified [ 1 ] . Tumor vaccines have been successful in eliciting tumor-specific CD4 +and/or CD8 +T cell responses.
Like many of the adoptive transfers of tumor-specific T cells in clinical cases [ 2 3 4 5 6 7 ] , no significant lymphocyte infiltration into solid tumor was detected [ 22 ] . If, however, Rip1-Tag5 mice were treated with lethal radiation and subsequent reconstitution with bone marrow from RAG1 deficient mice prior to T cell transfer, modest lymphocyte infiltration into solid tumors was noted [ 22 ] ; however, this study did not assess the efficacy of that response.
Previous studies have indicated that solid tumors can be resistant to the infiltration of tumor-specific T cells.
For example, in the related Rip1-Tag5 model, the vascular addressins GlyCAM-1 and MAdCAM-1 are expressed in pre-malignant islets, but down-regulated in solid tumors; their downregulation coincides with lack of infiltration in this model of spontaneous anti-tumor immunity [ 19 ] . It is possible that sub-lethal radiation is altering the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules allowing binding and extravasation of activated tumor-specific lymphocytes.
Previous studies have shown that adoptively transferred tumor antigen-specific CD4 +T cells can be tolerized in the secondary lymphoid organs [ 9 34 ] , including the RIP-Tag2 model [ 30 ] . Radiation may kill or disable regulatory T cells [ 35 36 ] , or other bone marrow-derived tolerizing cells and prevent the induction of tolerance in adoptively transferred tumor-specific T cells [ 9 ] . Additionally, the high but sub-lethal dose of radiation used leads to significant lymphopenia [ 37 ] . The sudden reduction in lymphocyte number may create the spatial allowance in spleen and lymph nodes necessary for the homing, activation and expansion of he adoptively-transferred T cells.
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