Words similar to tetrahymena
Example sentences for: tetrahymena
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Although chromatid breakage requires an endonuclease activity, the cutter, directed by a Cbs-binding activity, no Cbs-dependent "binder/cutter" activity has been detected in vitro . The cutter could be an activity of telomerase itself [ 39 43 ] . Telomerase of both Tetrahymena and Euplotes has a single-strand endonuclease activity [ 45 43 ] . It can trim potential primers back, so that the 3' terminus pairs with template RNA [ 46 ] . Thus, while it may serve a 3' editing function, the existence of a nuclease activity in potential proximity to the site of chromatid breakage is provocative, suggesting that telomerase provides the
0. Of 675 species with at least 20 protein-coding sequences tabulated from nuclear DNA, we excluded 53 eukaryotes and 17 bacteria on the grounds that they had alternative genetic codes (for example, Tetrahymena and Mycoplasma ), or had introns accidentally tabulated in the database as part of the coding sequence (for example, Pongo and Homo ). These were detected as an excess of termination codons greater than 1 per 20 coding sequences (that is, at least 5% more stop codons than genes).
The in vitro properties of telomerase are consistent with its known role in creation of MAC telomeres in Tetrahymena [ 41 ] , as well as, presumably, in all other ciliates [ 9 ] . Telomerases from exconjugants of Tetrahymena and Euplotes have been extensively studied in vitro . The E. crassus enzyme can only act on oligomers that pair with telomerase template RNA at their 3' terminus, unless assisted by a dissociable factor (chromosome healing factor), which contributes extra mass to the enzyme in exconjugants [ 42 ] . Telomerase, assisted by this factor, still requires a block of dGs or telomere repeats internal to the 3' primer end [ 43 ] . In contrast, the Tetrahymena exconjugant enzyme can add to a primer completely devoid of telomere repeats in special reaction conditions, and shows no evidence of increased mass beyond that of the vegetative enzyme [ 44 ] .
5 ends/kbp in Oxytricha MIC DNA vs . 0.005 ends/kbp in Tetrahymena ).
The exact nucleotide positions where telomere repeats are added have been examined in several ciliates (reviewed by [ 23 53 ] ). Cloned chromosome ends from 81 MAC family indicated heterogeneity of TAS placement, which we attributed to exonuclease erosion of the broken ends prior to telomerase action [ 27 ] . Analogous multi-TAS regions have been described in Tetrahymena ( [ 49 ] ; E. Hamilton and E. Orias, pers.
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