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Example sentences for: tabacum
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Following isolation from G. rostochiensis and H. glycines [ 5 ] , cellulases have been identified in M. incognita [ 6 ] , G. tabacum [ 68 ] , H. schachtii [ 69 ] , and P. penetrans [ 70 ] . Additional prokaryotic-like sequences identified in plant parasitic nematodes include other cell-wall-degrading enzymes such as xylanase [ 7 ] , pectate lyase [ 8 71 ] and polygalacturonase [ 72 ] , and evidence is accumulating that these sequences have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer [ 11 ] . The known Meloidogyne cellulase (MI00483.cl), potentially novel cellulases (MI00537.cl, MI01196.cl, MI01381.cl, MI01842.cl), and pectate lyase (MI00592.cl, MI00520.cl) were represented in the M. incognita EST clusters.
Of the species examined to date three have only a single subunit A gene detected, the alga Coleochaete scutata, sugar beet ( Beta vulgarise [ 63 64 ] , and A. thaliana [ 25 ] . Flowering plants shown to have at least two subunit A genes include oat ( Avena sativa ), carrot ( Daucus carota ), tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ), tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ), cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ), magnolia ( Magnolia virginana ), Hydrastis canadensis, Chenopodium rubrum, and clematis ( Clematis liguisticfolio ). In addition, the unicellular alga Acetabularia acetabulum has two V-ATPase subunit A genes.
Fully expanded leaves exhibited an increase only for the proteolipid mRNA, an increase of approximately three fold over non salt stressed plants [ 54 ] . Cell suspension cultures when subjected to salt stress exhibited increase in activity of both P-Type and V-Type ATPases without concomitant increase in protein levels [ 55 ] . Transcript levels of subunit E of the V-ATPase in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum were recently shown to increase in leaves but not roots of salt stressed plants with a concomitant increase in protein levels in leaves [ 56 ] . On the other hand, subunit E in Hordeum vulgare showed no effect on mRNA level in response to salt stress [ 57 ] . The effects of salt stress on V-ATPases has also been investigated in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) suspension cells.
Pithocellobium unguis-cati ), tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ), snake bush ( Barleria lupulina ), obie seed ( Cola nitida ), and wild gri gri root ( Acrocomia ierensis , tentative ID).
Crushed leaves of Nicotiana tabacum are applied to wounds in Guatemala [ 63 ] . The steam vapour was a general cure-all in Latin America and the Caribbean [ 16 104 ] . Historically, powdered tobacco was burnt on the blade of a paddle as a propitiatory offering to the local boa snake ( Constrictor orophias ) [ 16 ] . The plant contains nicotine, malic and citric acids, phenolic acids (chlorogenic, quinic, nicotinic), flavonoids (rutoside), coumarins and enzymes [ 81 ] . Presumably the nicotine in the dog's nose would act as a stimulant.