Words similar to synovium
Example sentences for: synovium
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RA synovial tissue T cells were analyzed without in vitro culture or stimulation by staining synovium mononuclear cells with FITC-conjugated anti-CD4 mono-clonal antibody (Q4120; Sigma) and PE-conjugated anti-CD45RO monoclonal antibody (UCHL-1), after which individual CD4 +CD45RO +T cells were sorted in a 96-well PCR plate (Robbins Scientific, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) using the FACStar Plus(Becton Dickinson, San Jose, CA, USA).
Moreover, the role of tissue cells in regulating the migration of inflammatory cells into the synovium is also not fully established.
The normal intima of the synovium is one to two cells thick and consists mainly of macrophage-like and fibroblast-like cells [ 3 ] . In inflammation, macrophages make a large contribution to intimal thickening, where these cells increase in number and proportion [ 3 ] . Evidence indicates that intimal macrophages arrive via the circulation as monocytes [ 4 ] , and it is proposed that increased numbers of intimal macrophages in RA are largely attributed to enhanced monocyte recruitment from blood vessels in the synovium [ 1 5 ] . Neutrophils are also recruited in RA and can be found in abundance in synovial fluid, yet they occur in relatively low numbers in the synovium [ 5 ] . In synovial fluid their number can reach 10 6per joint, particularly during an active phase of the disease [ 6 ] . Neutrophils occur at the pannus-cartilage junction [ 7 ] and it is presumed that these cells reach the joint cavity by migrating from the blood vessels in the synovium, following a chemotactic gradient.
There have been some reports on the expression of such receptors on T cells in synovial tissue and fluid [ 12 13 14 15 16 ] . Little is known about the expression of chemokine receptors on phagocytes in the human RA synovium.
Stable SW-1353 cell lines carrying a pBkRSV vector with a Bcl-3 expression insert were created as described previously [ 24 ] . Freshly excised, macroscopically normal cartilage and synovium from OA patients undergoing knee replacement surgery were obtained from a local orthopedic unit (Dartmouth Hitchcock Memorial Hospital, Lebanon, NH, USA).
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