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Example sentences for: sumerian
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Around this time the Sumerian civilization living in Mesopotamia (the region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in present-day Iraq) founded and developed the cuneiform script, the world’s oldest form of writing on record.
While it must be noted that the cuneiform system, based on a pattern of wedge-like signs impressed in clay by a specially cut reed stylus, served several Mesopotamian cultures for about 3000 years, it was used for writing several languages of diverse structures: Sumerian was an agglutinative language, in structure of the type of American Indian languages, Hungarian, etc.; Akkadian was a Semitic language, similar in structure to Hebrew; the Elamites spoke a language of which we know little, but it is interesting to note that about 1500 BC they changed from the script writing system they had been using to cuneiform, and in the “short” time of less than 500 years had reduced the number of symbols to 113.
The first known graphic system, cuneiform, served as the common vehicle of expression for not only Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian, and Ugaritic, but also Elamite, Hurrian, Old Persian, and Hittite.
The text is punctuated here and there by tables showing the progressive development of selected symbols (as, for example, in Sumerian), the Devanagari syllabary (in which several modern and ancient Indian languages are written), the Hebrew, Arabic, and other alphabets, Chinese and Japanese writing, and attractive drawings showing the hieroglyphic (with sound values in English orthography).
After presenting various systems of communication (signs, pictographs, rebuses, shorthand, tallies, Babylonian clay tokens, Peruvian quipus), Robinson discusses such ancient and now defunct but decipherable writing systems as Sumerian cuneiform, Egyptian hieroglyphs, Minoan Greek Linear B, and Mayan glyphs; ditto some of the more outstanding conundra awaiting decipherment--Cretan Linear A, Proto-Elamite, Etruscan, and the Easter Island and Indus scripts.
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