Words similar to succinate
Example sentences for: succinate
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The in silico analysis predicted that the pta -strain optimally shifted the carbon flux from acetate to ethanol in P pta 3. However, in P pta 4, the optimal metabolic by-products included lactate, ethanol, and pyruvate, and under completely anaerobic conditions, succinate was also optimally produced as a metabolic byproduct.
This fatigue resistance has been accompanied by an increased oxidative capacity in the diaphragmatic muscle fibers as demonstrated by increased activities of citrate synthase [ 7 8 ] and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) [ 2 3 ] .
It is a mixture of eight stereoisomers in equal amounts designated "dl" or all-rac tocopherol and does have antioxidant properties [ 4 ] . Thus, different forms of vitamin E can have different antioxidant properties as well as differences in their absorption, distribution, and metabolism [ 4 ] . There are also reports that some forms of vitamin E have activity against cancer cells in vitro [ 3 5 ] . For example, tocotrienol and vitamin E succinate are reported to have antiproliferative activity in human cancer cells whereas some forms of vitamin E are reported to induce apoptosis in cancer cell types but not in normal cell types [ 3 ] . Specifically, these apoptogenic forms include RRR-α-tocopheryl succinate and RRR-δ-tocopherol while the α, β, and γ tocopherol and acetate derivatives of tocopherol were not apoptogenic [ 3 ] . There are few reports on the use of vitamin E for treating tumorous cancers in vivo but the results are inconsistent [ 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ] . It is therefore essential that the form of vitamin E used in any research study as well as the dosage and the mode of administration be defined.
The general term vitamin E refers to eight naturally occurring and synthetic tocopherols and tocotrienols and their acetate and succinate derivatives.
Cryostat sections of flash frozen muscle were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, the modified Gomori trichrome stain, and for succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase activity, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase, and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activities at pH 4.3 and 4.6.
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