Words similar to refs

Example sentences for: refs

How can you use “refs” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:

Signaling by the IGF-IR has been studied in many different cell types and is important for proliferation, survival, motility, adhesion, transformation, tumor formation and metastasis [for reviews see refs [ 31 32 ] ]. The receptor can directly phosphorylate the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and Shc proteins in the intact cell causing activation of PI-3Kinase and ras signaling [ 33 ] . More recently, it has been shown that the IGF-IR signals via the Gβγ subunits of the heterotrimeric Gi complex to stimulate PI-3Kinase and ras, and also activates the JAK/Stat pathway to cause phosphorylation of Stat3 [ 34 35 ] .
Wound healing involves reepithelialization, granulation tissue formation and contraction (reviewed in refs.
Escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase I is a representative example of type IA DNA topoisomerase (for reviews, see refs [ 1 2 ] ). Its major biological role in the bacterial cell is the removal of excessive negative supercoils from DNA to maintain the DNA at optimal superhelical density along with DNA gyrase [ 3 ] . The enzyme has a molecular weight of 97 kDa and the active site tyrosine responsible for DNA cleavage is found in the 67 kDa N-terminal transesterification domain.
[for reviews see refs [ 31 ] , [ 39 40 41 ] ]. The IGF-IR appears to function in transformation both by preventing apoptosis through activation of Akt and by stimulating proliferation through the ras-MAPK cascade.
In the political arena, of course, reporters are analogous to refs.