Words similar to receptor-deficient
Example sentences for: receptor-deficient
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Recent work by Matthys et al . demonstrates that the protective effect of IFN-γ is dependent on the presence of the mycobacterial component of the adjuvant [ 36 ] . Only when mice are immunized with collagen in CFA is there an increase in disease severity in IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice.
In addition, IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice exhibit exacerbated disease [ 34 35 ] .
IFN-γ appears to have two separate functions, disease promoting as well as disease limiting [ 40 ] . Neutralization of IFN-γ with antibodies early in the course of disease exerts a suppressive effect, whereas anti-IFN-γ treatment late in disease enhances arthritis [ 41 ] . Also, disease severity in CIA is enhanced in IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice, and loss of the IFN-γ receptor turns mice normally resistant to CIA into an arthritis-susceptible strain [ 34 35 ] . IFN-γ thus provides a dominant protective effect in CIA.
Matthys et al . recently showed that the enhanced severity of CIA in IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice immunized with type II collagen in CFA is due to an expansion of the CD11b +cells [ 36 ] . Since IL-10 -/-mice produce reduced levels of IFN-γ, we were interested in determining whether there was a specific expansion of CD11b +cells.
AKT1 is over-expressed in gastric adenocarcinomas and breast cancer cell lines, AKT2 is amplified and over-expressed in pancreatic, ovarian, and breast cancers, and AKT3 is upregulated in estrogen receptor-deficient breast cancer and in androgen-independent prostate cell lines [reviewed in ref.
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