Words similar to pyruvate
Example sentences for: pyruvate
How can you use “pyruvate” in a sentence? Here are some example sentences to help you improve your vocabulary:
For fatty acid labeling, cells in a 6 cm dish were incubated with 1 ml of DMEM containing 10% dialyzed fetal bovine serum, 5 mM sodium pyruvate, and [9,10- 3H]palmitic acid (1 mCi/ml) or [9,10- 3H]myristate (0.
These same conclusions regarding energy expenditure were reached in experiments assessing enzymatic activities, and transcriptional changes in rat liver using Northern blots, where fish oil feeding: increased palmitoyl CoA mitochondrial and peroxisomal oxidation rate; increased Cpt1, Cpt2, Δ 3, Δ 2-enoyl CoA isomerase, and Ech1 expression and activity; and decreased expression and activity of FA synthase, malic enzyme, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate kinase, compared to palm and/or safflower oil feeding [ 93 ] . Likewise, in rat white retroperitoneal adipose tissue, fish oil feeding also decreased Fasn expression [ 94 ] . Intriguingly, the hormone leptin, which also acts through SREBP-1 and PPARα, affected many transcripts similarly to LC-PUFA ( e.g. , leptin decreased Gpam and Apoa4 transcripts; and up regulated Ech1, mitochondrial Hmgcs2, and Cyp4a14 transcripts [ 95 ] .
The fba -, pfkAB -, and tpiA - in silico deletion strains had a limited capability to synthesize glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, oxaloacetate, and high-energy phosphate bonds in all phases, and were completely unable to synthesize many of the biosynthetic precursors in phases 46 (Table 1) ( tpi - in silico strain discussed below).
The in silico analysis predicted that the pta -strain optimally shifted the carbon flux from acetate to ethanol in P pta 3. However, in P pta 4, the optimal metabolic by-products included lactate, ethanol, and pyruvate, and under completely anaerobic conditions, succinate was also optimally produced as a metabolic byproduct.
Furthermore, the essential glycolytic gene products ( pgk, gapAC ) were required for the synthesis of oxaloacetate, succinyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate, pyruvate, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), and 3-phosphoglycerate within all conditions, and were unable to synthesize all biosynthetic precursors under anaerobic growth conditions.
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