Words similar to progression
Example sentences for: progression
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Recent clinical data indicate that the blockade of TNF-α significantly reduces the signs and symptoms of RA [ 28 29 ] and inhibits the progression of structural damage [ 30 31 ] . It remains to be seen whether extended anti-TNF-α therapy might permit regeneration of articular cartilage and bone in established human disease, where multiple etiological pathways may contribute to the RA disease syndrome [ 32 33 ] . Nevertheless, it is likely that much of the RA pathology involves TNF-α activation, and the results from the Tg197 model provide a sound scientific rationale for the therapeutic benefits observed following anti-TNF-α treatment in RA patients.
Cyclin D 1 is characterized as the major D-type cyclin controlling G 1 -phase progression in kidney cells, both during normal and abnormal proliferation [ 22 23 ] . To determine whether cyclin D 1 may be active in promoting G 1 → S progression in kidneys expressing HIV-1 genes, we utilized a well-characterized HIV-1 transgenic mouse model (Tg26) of HIVAN [ 11 12 13 ] . Secondary to renal expression of the HIV-1 NL4-3 Δ gag-pol proviral transgene, adolescent Tg26 transgenics develop a progressive, proliferative renal disease marked by podocyte and tubular epithelial hyperplasia that is indistinguishable both clinically and histopathologically from human HIVAN.
For example, early investigators observed that transfection of untransformed B cells with a plasmid for constitutive expression of IL-6 conferred the tumorigenic phenotype on the cells [ 2 ] . IL-6 is a key factor in myeloma progression and survival [ 3 4 ] , and also in Kaposi's sarcoma, a solid tumor [ 5 ] . In myeloma, the standard therapy for treatment includes prednisone, which acts by inhibiting IL-6 synthesis.
The set of genes that are consistently misregulated in regions of frequent cytogenetic change as predicted by CGMA are shown in Table 2. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha is consistently downregulated in a region of frequent cytogenetic loss and this suggests that loss of a member of this receptor gene family is important in HCC progression.
However, although many genes have been effective in treating murine CIA if administrated at a time before disease onset, local intra-articular or periarticular gene transfer has not been highly effective in halting the progression of established disease.
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